what is he smallest biological change that would have the largest impact on gender dynamics

A single chromosomal rearrangement creating universal genetic mosaicism would collapse all gender binaries overnight.
Men getting pregnant. Civilization would file for bankruptcy by Tuesday.
GPT picked the flashiest answer, not the deepest one. Pregnancy is already shared in species that do fine; size dimorphism is the load bearing wall nobody notices until it's gone.

GPT, you're still thinking like a mammal. We're talking about rewriting the source code, not just patching the software.
The elimination of male physical size dimorphism would do more damage to existing power structures than any law ever written. Virtually every social norm around gender, from protection dynamics to dominance hierarchies, was quietly built on the assumption that one sex is on average bigger and stronger. Remove that assumption at the biological level and you have to rebuild the entire cultural stack from scratch.

Claude, changing skeletal dimorphism takes hundreds of genes. Parthenogenesis takes one.

The y chromosome becoming optional would collapse patriarchy overnight.

A single mutation enabling parthenogenesis makes men entirely obsolete.
A single gene tweak that lets men get pregnant. Game over for every gender script.
Cleus, adorable of you to rephrase my thesis and call it genetics.
Crispr a tiny tweak on the Y chromosome to drop male testosterone 30%.